Resumen Este artículo considera una perspectiva frecuentista para tratar con la clase de modelos de regresión binomial correlacionada (Pires & Diniz, 2012), proporcionando así un nuevo enfoque para analizar variables de respuesta binaria correlacionadas. Los parámetros del modelo se estiman mediante la maximización directa de la función de log-verosimilitud. También consideramos un análisis de diagnóstico bajo la configuración del modelo de regresión binomial correlacionada, que se realiza considerando los residuos basados en valores predictivos y los residuos de desviación (Cook & Weisberg, 1982) para verificar los supuestos del modelo y la medida de influencia global basada en la eliminación de casos (Cook, 1977) para detectar observaciones influyentes. Además, se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad para detectar posibles observaciones influyentes que podrían afectar los resultados inferenciales. Esto se hace utilizando métricas de influencia local (Cook, 1986) con esquemas de perturbación de covariable, variable respuesta y ponderación de casos. Se realiza un estudio de simulación para evaluar las propiedades frecuentistas de los estimadores de parámetros del modelo y verificar el rendimiento de las métricas de diagnóstico consideradas bajo el modelo de regresión binomial correlacionada. Se analiza un conjunto de datos sobre un plan de salud de un operador brasileño para ilustrar la metodología propuesta.

Abstract This paper considers a frequentist perspective to deal with the class of correlated binomial regression models (Pires & Diniz, 2012), thus providing a new approach to analyze correlated binary response variables. Model parameters are estimated by direct maximization of the log-likelihood function. We also consider a diagnostic analysis under the correlated binomial regression model setup, which is performed considering residuals based on predictive values and deviance residuals (Cook & Weisberg, 1982) to check for model assumptions, and global influence measure based on case-deletion (Cook, 1977) to detect influential observations. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to detect possible influential observations that could affect the inferential results. This is done using local influence metrics (Cook, 1986) with case-weight, response, and covariate perturbation schemes. A simulation study is conducted to assess the frequentist properties of model parameter estimates and check the performance of the considered diagnostic metrics under the correlated binomial regression model. A data set on high-cost claims made to a private health care provider in Brazil is analyzed to illustrate the proposed methodology.

Abstract: Sugarcane cultivar RB961552 was developed by the Sugarcane Breeding Program of the Federal University of Alagoas, a member university of RIDESA. It was selected for being highly productive, responsive to fertigation and for the high leaf biomass and excellent inter-row closure. It is resistant to brown and orange rust and moderately resistant to leaf scald and smut diseases.

Abstract: This article discusses the participation of the Executive and Legislative Powers in the expansion of state public high schools in the State of São Paulo between January 31, 1963 and March 15, 1971, a period in which approximately 1,106 high schools were created. For a better understanding of the performance of state deputies and governors, we used the theoretical framework of the New Political History, in addition to the work of Pierre Bourdieu on the notion of field. Even with the military dictatorship, the expansion of public secondary education in the State of São Paulo, captained mainly by the Executive Branch, remained at an accelerated pace, as in the period of re-democratization (1945-1964).

Resumen: Este artículo discute la participación de los poderes Ejecutivo y Legislativo en la expansión de lãs escuelas secundarias en el estado de São Paulo entre el 31 de enero de 1963 y el 15 de marzo de 1971, período en que se fueron creadas aproximadamente 1.106 escuelas de enseñanza media. Para una mejor comprensión de la actuación de los diputados estatales y de los gobernadores, recurrimos al marco teórico de la Nueva Historia Política, además Del trabajo de Pierre Bourdieu sobre la noción de campo. Incluso com la dictadura militar, la expansión de la enseñanza secundaria pública en el Estado de São Paulo, capitaneada sobre todo por el Poder Ejecutivo, se mantuvo a un ritmo acelerado a ejemplo de lo que ocurrió en el período de redemocratización (1945-1964).

Resumo: Este artigo discute a participação dos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo na expansão dos ginásios e colégios públicos estaduais no Estado de São Paulo entre 31 de janeiro de 1963 e 15 de março de 1971, período em que foram criadas aproximadamente 1.106 escolas de ensino médio. Para melhor compreensão da atuação dos deputados estaduais e dos governadores, recorremos ao arcabouço teórico da Nova História Política, além do trabalho de Pierre Bourdieu sobre a noção de campo. Mesmo com a ditadura militar, a expansão do ensino secundário público no Estado de São Paulo, capitaneada sobretudo pelo Poder Executivo, se manteve em ritmo acelerado a exemplo do que ocorreu no período de redemocratização (1945-1964).

Abstract This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis between models of mechanical maintenance in forestry machines, subsidizing operational planning in order to reduce production costs. The work was conducted in a forestry company with feller bunchers, skidders and harvester machines. The comparative analysis included the Traditional Maintenance and the World Class Maintenance (WCM) models in the judgment of mechanical availability, hydraulic oil consumption and maintenance costs. Using the WCM maintenance model, the results showed a 5% increase in mechanical availability and a 60% reduction in hydraulic oil consumption. The maintenance cost increased by 3% in the WCM model due to an investment in infrastructure and the training of mechanics, but with the potential for better maintenance of forest machines, along with improvements in operational safety, production capacity and longer machine life.

Abstract Sugarcane cultivar RB0442 has a high yield, late maturation and good drought tolerance. It is recommended for planting in restrictive environments, mainly with water-deficient soils, and is resistant to the major sugarcane diseases of the Northeastern region of Brazil.

Abstract A major challenge in sugarcane breeding program is the obtaining of enough number of seeds (caryopses) for the development of new improved cultivars. Genotypes differ in their function as pollen recipient and pollen donor, which also affect the seed performance. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the production and performance of sugarcane seeds from different hybridizations involving RB92579 as pollen recipient and pollen donor. Twelve bi-parental crossings were carried out involving RB92579 and other different genotypes randomly chosen. Seed production potential was evaluated by percentage of fertile spikelets and caryopsis fresh weight. The seed physiological potential was determined by evaluating germination and vigor (index of germination rate, number of normal seedlings per gram of fuzz, and seedling dry weight). The results showed better performance for RB92579 as pollen donor for all characteristics studied. Therefore, RB92579 sugarcane cultivar should be used as pollen donor during hybridizations, condition that permits a greater production and physiological performance of seeds for the sugarcane breeding programs.

RB99395 cultivar was developed by the Sugarcane Breeding Program at the Federal University of Alagoas, which is part of RIDESA. In 1999, seeds were obtained from crosses between RB867515 cultivar and pollen from an unknown genotype in "Serra do Ouro" Crossing Station. The process of selection and experimentation was carried out in three Research Stations of Alagoas. RB99395 cultivar was released in Alagoas in May 2010, and has a high content of sucrose throughout the harvest period. Planting is recommended in fertile soils and in environments with no water deficiency, a condition which results in high agricultural yields. It is tolerant most diseases that occur in Northeast, Brazil.

Statistical methods have been widely employed to assess the capabilities of credit scoring classification models in order to reduce the risk of wrong decisions when granting credit facilities to clients. The predictive quality of a classification model can be evaluated based on measures such as sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, accuracy, correlation coefficients and information theoretical measures, such as relative entropy and mutual information. In this paper we analyze the performance of a naive logistic regression model, a logistic regression with state-dependent sample selection model and a bounded logistic regression model via a large simulation study. Also, as a case study, the methodology is illustrated on a data set extracted from a Brazilian retail bank portfolio. Our simulation results so far revealed that there is nostatistically significant difference in terms of predictive capacity among the naive logistic regression models, the logistic regression with state-dependent sample selection models and the bounded logistic regression models. However, there is difference between the distributions of the estimated default probabilities from these three statistical modeling techniques, with the naive logistic regression models and the boundedlogistic regression models always underestimating such probabilities, particularly in the presence of balanced samples. Which are common in practice.

O objetivo da pesquisa foi correlacionar a resistência natural de quatro madeiras ao ataque do térmita xilófago Nasutitermes corniger Motsch. com a quantidade de extrativos e cinzas presentes na composição química das espécies ensaiadas. As madeiras avaliadas foram angico (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan. var. cebil (Gris.) Alts.), craibeira (Tabebuia aurea (Mart.) Bureau.), cumaru (Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A.C.Sm.) e eucalipto (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.). De cada espécie, foram retirados corpos de prova, com dimensões de 2,00 x 10,16 x 0,64 cm (radial x longitudinal x tangencial) em duas posições (cerne externo e alburno). As amostras ficaram expostas à ação dos cupins durante 45 dias em ensaio de preferência alimentar. O teor de extrativos das madeiras foi obtido por meio da serragem que passou pela peneira de 40 "mesh" e ficou retida na de 60 "mesh". A resistência natural não esteve associada aos teores de extrativos presentes na madeira. A madeira mais resistente ao ataque dos térmitas foi o angico nas duas posições avaliadas (cerne externo e alburno) e a madeira de eucalipto foi a que apresentou o maior desgaste, ocasionado pelos cupins. A resistência biológica das madeiras esteve correlacionada com o teor de cinzas, ou seja, a espécie que apresentou o maior teor de cinzas foi a mais resistente ao ataque dos térmitas.

This study tested the natural resistance of wood of four tree species to Nasutitermes corniger Motsch. xylophogous termite attack and correlate the resistance with the amount of extract and ash in the chemical composition of the tested species. The species evaluated were Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan. var. cebil (Gris.) Alts., Tabebuia aurea (Mart.) Bureau., Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A.C.Sm. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Test samples with dimensions of 2.00 x 10.16 x 0.64 cm (radial x longitudinal x tangential) were obtained at two positions (external heartwood and sapwood) of each species. The samples were exposed to action of termites for 45 days in food preference assay. The content of wood extractives was obtained through the sawdust that went through sieve of 40 mesh and were retained in the 60 mesh. The natural resistance was not associated with wood extractive contents. The wood more resistant to termite attack was the Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil in the two positions (external heartwood and sapwood) and Eucalyptus camaldulensis wood presented the greatest wear. The biological resistance of wood was correlated with ash content, i.e., the species with the highest levels was the most resistant to termite attack.

Os aneurismas venosos são entidades raras, porém com potencialidade de causar complicações tromboembólicas. Na maioria das vezes, são encontrados incidentalmente, como achados de exame físico ou de imagem. Os aneurismas sintomáticos de veia poplítea são obrigatoriamente tratados por reparo cirúrgico, devido ao alto risco de recorrência de embolia pulmonar. A técnica mais utilizada é a aneurismectomia tangencial com venorrafia lateral. Na impossibilidade de se empregar essa técnica, faz-se a ressecção com reconstrução venosa. Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente com aneurisma de veia poplítea, cujo diâmetro era de 47 mm, submetido a aneurismectomia tangencial e venorrafia lateral, com sucesso.

Venous aneurysms are considered to be a rare disease; however they can be a potential cause for the development of thromboembolism. They are mostly detected by physical examination or imaging exams. Symptomatic aneurysms of the popliteal vein must be surgically treated, due to high risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism. The most widely used procedure is tangential aneurysmectomy and lateral venorrhaphy. If not possible, the aneurysm should be removed and a venous reconstruction should be performed. The authors report a case of a patient with a popliteal vein aneurysm measuring 47 mm in diameter. Tangential aneurysmectomy and lateral venorrhaphy were successfully used for treatment.

Este trabalho descreve um caso de pseudo-aneurisma da artéria tibial posterior devido ao uso de fixador externo para tratamento de fratura dos ossos da perna (técnica de Ilizarov), bem como as técnicas utilizadas para seu tratamento. A compressão guiada por ultra-som e a injeção de trombina guiada por ultra-som foram realizadas, sem sucesso. O tratamento definitivo do pseudo-aneurisma e reconstrução arterial foi conseguido através do tratamento cirúrgico clássico, usando enxerto interposto de veia safena magna homóloga invertida. As indicações, vantagens e desvantagens das técnicas de tratamento não invasivo (compressão guiada por ultra-som e injeção de trombina guiada por ultra-som) e as possíveis causas de sua incapacidade na obliteração do pseudo-aneurisma são discutidas. Também foi realizada a revisão de casos de pseudo-aneurisma da artéria tibial posterior na literatura médica, encontrando-se apenas um caso semelhante, entre 24 publicados.

We describe a case of pseudoaneurysm in the posterior tibial artery following treatment for tibial and fibula fractures using external fixation (Ilizarov technique), as well as the techniques used for its treatment. Ultrasound-guided compression and ultrasound-guided thrombin injection were unsuccessfully performed. Definite treatment of pseudoaneurysm and arterial reconstruction was achieved through the traditional surgical treatment, using interposed graft of inverted homologous great saphenous vein. Indications, advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive treatment techniques (ultrasound-guided compression and ultrasound-guided thrombin injection) and the possible causes of their inability in obliterating the pseudoaneurysm are discussed. A literature review of pseudoaneurysms of the posterior tibial artery was also carried out, resulting in only one similar case out of 24 published cases.

Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos de acidentes ofídicos atendidos em hospital referência em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil (1980-1986) Um estudo clínico-epidemiológico, comparando 310 pacientes hospitalizados por acidentes ofídicos (casos) e 310 pacientes hospitalizados por outras causas (controles), pareados por idade e sexo, durante um período de sete anos, foi conduzido em um hospital de emergências em Belo Horizonte, MG. O diagnóstico dos casos foi baseado no quadro clínico ou na identificação do ofídio. Destes, 56% foram vítimas de serpentes do gênero Bothrops, 36% de Crotalus, 1% de Lachesis e 10% de serpentes não identificadas. Durante o período de estudo, apesar de um aparente aumento, o número de casos manteve-se estável do ponto de vista estatístico, porém com marcada flutuação sazonal. Comparando casos e controles, aqueles de origem rural ou relatando atividade agrícola mostraram riscos de acidentes ofídicos, estimado pela "odds" relativa (OR), de 14,7 e 6,7, respectivamente, sendo portanto identificados como um grupo de alto risco. Com relação ao tratamento, casos mostraram um risco de reações anafiláticas precoces 13,5 maior quando comparados aos respectivos controles; este risco subiu para 30,3 no grupo etário <FONT FACE="Symbol">³</font> 20 anos. Casos apresentaram também um maior risco de pirexia (OR = 11,7), mostrando uma associação mais acentuada no grupo etário menor de 19 anos (OR = 16,6). Embora exista tratamento eficaz contra casos graves de acidentes ofídicos no Brasil, este tratamento pode vir acompanhado de efeitos colaterais importantes, chegando algumas vezes a ameaçar a sobrevivência do paciente. A taxa de letalidade descrita, mais alta que as estatísticas oficiais publicadas, mas consistente com outros trabalhos utilizando dados hospitalares, pode ser devida ao fato de que casos graves tendem a procurar hospitalização. Prevenção de acidentes ofídicos e tratamento precoce dos casos é sugerida

Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of 310 hospitalized snakebite patients and 310 matched controls were described, over a seven years period, from an emergency hospital in Belo Horizonte, Southeast Brazil. The diagnosis was based upon clinical picture or actual snake identification. Fifty six percent of victims were bitten by the snakes of genus Bothrops, 32.0% by Crotalus, 1.0% by Lachesis and 10.0% undetermined. During the study period, stable number of cases and marked seasonal variation were noted. In comparing cases of snakebite and controls, those from a rural area or who were involved in agricultural labor activity were identified as a high risk group, with an odds ratio (OR) of 14.7 and 6.7, respectively, in favor of being bitten. Upon treatment, snakebite patients were 13.5 times more likely to have had early anaphylactic reactions than their controls, with a higher association in the age group <FONT FACE="Symbol">³</font> 20 years (OR = 30.3). Increased risks were also detected for pyrexia (OR = 11.7), with a marked association in the group under 19 years old (OR = 16.6). Severe cases of snakebite are an important treatable cause of morbidity in Brazil but therapy may be potentially life threatening. The higher case-fatality ratio encountered, compared to national statistics may be due the representativeness of the more severe cases who sought hospitalization. Preventing snakebite and early referral of those who are bitten is proposed